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To be confirmed

767 open questions. They are what the sources consulted have not settled — and what is not written as fact until someone confirms it.

Do you know the answer, or where to find the document that gives it? Tell us.

Some of these notes have not been translated into English yet. They are shown in the original Portuguese.

Walks

  • The machinery of repression
    • The exact street number of the Civil Government building on Rua Capelo, and the building’s current use; the stop is placed on that stretch of the street.
    • The date on which the Lisbon Plenary Court began to sit at the Boa-Hora.
  • The figures of April
    • Álvaro Cunhal’s first arrest: on 20 June 1937, according to Lisbon City Council, which says he was taken to the Aljube; on 21 July, according to Memória Comum, which does not say where.
    • Whether Maria Barroso was at the Aljube on the day of the wedding: the sources say only that they married by proxy in the prison, where Soares was being held.
    • When and why Maria Barroso was removed from the National Theatre: in 1948, on the orders of the police and the Ministry of Education, according to the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation and the National Culture Centre; the English Wikipedia places her removal around 1946, after a performance in Coimbra.
  • Do Padrão ao cais
    • Os nomes das 138 pessoas expostas em 1940, que estão nos papéis da exposição guardados no Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, segundo Cláudia Castelo: nenhuma das fontes consultadas os publica.
    • Se o «armazém da Rua da Junqueira» onde a RTP filmou caixotes de retornados em 1977 era o antigo edifício da Feira Internacional de Lisboa, onde o jornalista Guilherme de Melo situa os contentores.
    • Em que anos, além dos filmados pela RTP (1961, 1962 e 1964), embarcaram tropas no cais de Alcântara.
    • O dia em que o Movimento Nacional Feminino foi recebido em Belém: o noticiário da RTP é de 18 de maio de 1966.
  • From Rato to the Park
    • Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s house: the present-day numbering of Rua do Sol ao Rato does not reach 181, and the stop is approximate.
    • The street number of the last headquarters of the National Council of Portuguese Women, on Travessa da Fábrica das Sedas.
  • Students against the dictatorship
    • The exact location of the prefabricated lecture theatre on the present-day ISEG campus, and whether there is a plaque.
    • When the Centre for African Studies moved into Rua Actor Vale: 1951 (António Tomás Medeiros) or 1954 (Wikipedia).
  • Graça, the women’s hill
    • The street number of the seamstresses’ former headquarters on Rua do Benformoso; the stop is placed on the street.
  • The first day
    • The times of day vary by up to half an hour between the chronologies (the occupation of the Terreiro do Paço between 05:50 and 06:10; the DGS shooting between 20:15 and 21:00). Those of the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary and the 25 April Association have been used.
    • Maria de Lurdes Rocha’s role appears only in Jofre Alves’s chronology (CD25A).
  • The Estado Novo, explained
    • Whether the two “A lição de Salazar” posters cited — the one on the “trilogy of national education” and the one on the “Corporative Estado Novo” — are among the seven panels made in 1938 for the tenth anniversary of Salazar at the Ministry of Finance: the Court of Auditors speaks of the seven panels, and the National Library records the two posters, from 1938, published by “Escola Portuguesa”.
    • The year in which the National Information Secretariat poster addressed to women was made: 1945 or 1946, according to the National Library.
  • Carolina’s vote
    • That today’s street numbers (Rua Nova do Almada, 84; Praça dos Restauradores, 13; Rua dos Castelinhos, 6; Rua de Dona Estefânia, 62) correspond to the buildings of the time.
    • The street number of the Dr Afonso Costa Republican School Centre on Calçada de Arroios.
  • The days of freedom
    • The date of Mário Soares’s arrival: Sunday 28 April in most of the Casa Comum photographs; another photograph and a blog give 27 April.
    • The figures for May Day 1974 (around a million across the country, around five hundred thousand people in Lisbon) are estimates with no primary source given.
  • Forbidden words
    • The exact spot of the former Café Chave d’Ouro in the Rossio: the stop is placed in the square.
    • The police episode at the Café Gelo on 1 May 1962 has only been found in Wikipedia, which cites Luiz Pacheco.

Places

  • Lisbon Airport (Portela)
    • That the airport where Maria Lamas was arrested in 1953 is Lisbon’s: the Democratic Women’s Movement writes only “at the Airport”.
    • That Maria Antónia Fiadeiro was arrested at Lisbon airport: Wikipedia says “at the airport”; the Commission for Citizenship and Gender Equality (CIG) says only that she was arrested in 1972, as she was returning from Brazil.
    • The time at which the airport was under control in the early hours of 25 April: 04:00 (Commemorative Commission) or 04:25, the time of the message to the Command Post (25 April Association).
    • The time at which the “Freedom plane” landed on 30 April 1974.
  • Headquarters of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace
    • In which years each headquarters was in use, the one on Rua do Loreto and the one on Rua Latino Coelho: the Civil Government register says only that the former came first.
    • The year of foundation: 10 November 1935, in the Civil Government register; 1936, according to the Democratic Women’s Movement.
    • The point on the map marks Rua Latino Coelho, not the building at no. 25.
  • Alameda D. Afonso Henriques and the Fonte Luminosa
    • The day of the rally: 19 July 1975 (Commemorative Commission for the 50 Years of 25 April, with a dated photograph from the archive of Alfredo Cunha); the RTP page “Memórias da Revolução” (Memories of the Revolution) says 19 June, probably by mistake.
  • Aljube Prison
    • The ticket price: the museum’s “Prices” page says €4 and its “How to get here” page says €3 (both consulted on 2 October 2026).
    • How long the building had been a women’s prison before 1928.
    • Whether there were women political prisoners in the Aljube after 1928 (the sources consulted only record women held for common crimes, before that date).
  • Palácio de São Bento
    • The Assembly of the Republic’s sources on 1911–1913 speak of the Constituent Assembly, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies without naming the building; that they sat at São Bento comes from Wikipedia.
    • The end of the 1975 siege: 36 hours from 12 November (Assembly of the Republic); RTP says the deputies left in the late morning of the 13th.
    • The date of the first session with the three women deputies (January 1935).
    • Whether the cloister with the bust of Maria Alda Nogueira can be visited, and on what terms.
  • Avenida Barbosa du Bocage, no. 96 (Josué Trocado’s private chapel)
    • The time of the explosion: “around 10 o’clock in the morning” (António Araújo) or 10:25 (Diário de Notícias).
    • Whether the building at no. 96 still exists and what number it has today: the coordinates mark the avenue, not the building.
  • Palácio de Belém
    • The day Maria Teresa Cárcomo Lobo took office, in August 1970: her appointment was reported in A Capital on 20 August.
    • Where the Council of State met on 30 September 1974, when Spínola announced his resignation: the sources consulted do not say.
  • Boa-Hora Court
    • That the Lisbon Plenary Court sat at the Boa-Hora comes from Mensagem de Lisboa (2022); an archival source is still needed to confirm it, say since when, and identify the courtroom.
    • The date of 22 October 1960 and the claim that Maria Alda Nogueira’s sentence was the heaviest given to a woman for political reasons have only been read in Wikipedia.
    • Date of the acquittal: 7 May 1974 (Aljube Museum; the verdict as transcribed on Malomil; Wikipedia). The Diário de Lisboa cutting in the Hemeroteca Digital has “04Mai1974” in its file name, but says the verdict was read “yesterday afternoon”.
    • The 10:00 start of the trial of the “Three Marias” comes from a note in the Diário de Lisboa (“began yesterday at 10 o’clock”).
    • Who questioned the authors of the “Novas Cartas Portuguesas”: an officer of the Judicial Police specialising in prostitution (Aljube Museum), the Judicial Police (Wikipedia) or the PIDE/DGS (Commemorative Commission).
    • Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s appeal to be entered on the electoral roll (1911) was decided by the judge of the 1st Civil Court (Assembly of the Republic); only secondary sources place it at the Boa-Hora.
    • The 1918 decree that opened the legal profession to women (no. 4676, of 19 July, according to 24 Notícias) has not been checked in the Diário do Governo.
    • State of the Largo da Boa-Hora Memorial in 2026 and current use of the building; the coordinate is that of the square.
  • Botequim
    • The year it opened: 1971 (Aljube Museum, NOVA FCSH, Imprensa Nacional) or 1968 (the guide “Graça em estado de graça”).
    • Who founded it: the four friends (Aljube Museum, NOVA FCSH) or Natália with Isabel Meyrelles, as partners (Imprensa Nacional; Wikipedia).
    • No source has been found describing specific political meetings at the Botequim before 1974; the link to the opposition comes from the salon Natália kept at home.
    • Whether there is a plaque on the façade of the Vila Sousa.
  • Mónicas Prison
    • The institutional dates (1918, 1953) come from the English Wikipedia, which cites the Architectural Heritage Information System (SIPA); SIPA was unavailable when consulted.
    • The date the prison closed (1989, according to the Portuguese Wikipedia) has not been confirmed in another source.
    • Current use of the building and state of the hotel project; whether the site can be visited.
    • The full name of Dalila, Magda Fonseca’s aunt, and the dates of her arrests.
    • Other women political prisoners in the Mónicas mentioned in blogs (Aida Paulo, transferred in 1939; Carolina Loff da Fonseca) — not confirmed in an institutional source.
    • The date on which Isabel Aboim Inglez was sent to the Mónicas.
    • The current use of the former convent.
  • Café Gelo
    • The sugar-bowl episode on May Day 1962 has only been read in Wikipedia (which cites Luiz Pacheco); to be checked in the Observador article “Café Gelo: os 60 anos de um grupo que nunca existiu” (Café Gelo: the 60 years of a group that never existed) or in Público (17 March 2017).
    • The text of the plaque by the door.
    • The seafood restaurant that now occupies the space (since 2024) is mentioned only by Wikipedia.
  • Calçada Ribeiro Santos
    • The exact building of the house (Seara Nova gives no. 37) and who made the 2012 plaque.
    • How many people attended the funeral: “thousands” (Aljube Museum) or about five thousand (Toponímia de Lisboa).
  • Cidade Universitária Canteen
    • The day the hunger strike began: 9 May according to the Aljube Museum (Wikipedia places on the 9th the general assembly that approved it); the Commemorative Commission does not give the day.
    • How many were arrested: about 800 (PSP), about 1,200 (students’ associations) or 1,500 (the title of a 2012 article in the Expresso magazine, cited by Wikipedia).
    • Maria Cristina Pereira appears twice in the list of strikers identified by the PIDE published by the Commemorative Commission: two students with the same name, or a repetition.
  • Capela do Rato
    • How many people were taken to the police station: 91 (António de Araújo, based on police records), about 60 (Eloísa Aragão; Wikipedia) or “about fifty” (RTP Ensina).
    • The role of the Revolutionary Brigades: Carlos Antunes said that the BR played a central role and that it was he who decided that Conceição Moita would read the statement; Isabel do Carmo and the Catholic organisers say that the decision was the Catholics’.
    • Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen’s presence in the chapel: one secondary source in favour (João Miguel Almeida, 2008), testimonies that do not confirm it.
    • The Order of Liberty (2022) and the 2024 memorial have only been read in Wikipedia; the text of the 2022 municipal plaque has not been read.
  • House where Angelina Vidal died (Rua de São Gens, 41)
    • Angelina Vidal’s year of birth: 1847 (Toponímia de Lisboa; Wikipedia cites the baptismal record) or 1853 (FCSH+Lisboa). According to Wikipedia, the date of birth on the memorial stone is wrong.
    • Whether today’s no. 41 is the same as in 1917.
  • Home of Carolina Beatriz Ângelo and Januário Barreto (Rua do Sol ao Rato, 181)
    • Where no. 181 stood in the 1909–1910 numbering: the street’s current numbering does not seem to reach that number (OpenStreetMap), and the point on the map marks only the street. The plans and records of the time, in the Lisbon Municipal Archive, may provide the answer.
    • The day of Januário Barreto’s death: 23 June 1910, according to a blog on the history of Benfica, the club of which he was the first chairman; Isabel Lousada gives only the year.
    • When the couple, or Carolina once widowed, left this house for the one on Rua António Pedro, in Arroios, and the number of that house.
  • House of the Students of the Empire (CEI)
    • The day of the closure: 6 September 1965 (Wikipedia) or just “September 1965” (DW Africa, on Buala).
    • The years of the administrative committees: from 1952 to 1957 and from December 1960 to July 1961 (ReMapping), or eight consecutive years from 1953 (DW Africa, on Buala).
    • The text of the 1992 plaque.
  • Home of Natália Correia
    • Whether the building has any plaque in memory of Natália Correia.
    • The point on the map comes from a medical practice at no. 52 (OpenStreetMap), not from the entrance to the building.
    • The sentence over the “Antologia”: 90 days in prison commuted to a fine, on 21 March 1970, according to the chronology by Luiz Fagundes Duarte, who elsewhere speaks of a suspended prison sentence; the Aljube Museum speaks of a suspended sentence and places it in 1966, the year of the book.
  • Home of Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen
    • The point on the map: OpenStreetMap only identifies no. 57-D in the same lane; the door of no. 57 is still to be confirmed.
    • Whether there is any plaque on the façade of no. 57.
    • The year of the support for Humberto Delgado: 1958 (Agenda Cultural de Lisboa) or 1957 (chronology of the National Library).
    • The date of the application to open a publishing house in this home, and the Torre do Tombo file in which it is found.
  • Caxias Fort — the political prison
    • Since when the Estado Novo held political prisoners here: the South Redoubt passed to the political police in January 1935, but the 2020 sculpture counts the prisoners from 1936.
    • Who was held in the North Redoubt: Memória Comum says it passed to the political police in May 1938, for women, but its own records list male prisoners taken there in 1937 and 1939, and the 1961 escape set out from its moat, with male prisoners.
    • How many times and when Maria Lamas was arrested: in 1949, 1950, 1951 and 1953, according to Virgínia Baptista; in 1949, 1953 and 1962, according to Wikipedia; in 1949, on 18 July 1950 and on 20 December 1953, according to the Democratic Women’s Movement (MDM).
    • The dates of Cesina Bermudes’s imprisonment at Caxias (from 14 October 1949 to 14 January 1950) and Stella Piteira Santos’s time here, in February 1962, have only been found in Wikipedia.
    • The time of the escape on 4 December 1961: 09:35, according to the official report cited by the Aljube Museum; 09:34, according to the Union of Portuguese Anti-Fascist Resisters (URAP) (“Fuga de Caxias. Dedicação à prova de bala”); 10:00, in a URAP news item on the 60th anniversary of the escape.
    • Who commanded the taking of Caxias: Captains José Brás and Mário Pinto, at the head of paratroopers, according to the chronology of the 25 April Association and that of the Portuguese Commission of Military History; Lieutenant Commander Abrantes Serra and Captain Mário Pinto, at the head of marines and paratroopers, according to the “Presos políticos” (Political prisoners) page of the same Association.
    • The day of the release: 26 April for the 50 Years Commemorative Commission, the 25 April Documentation Centre and Memória Comum (“on the night of the 26th”), and the Aljube Museum says that some prisoners left as early as the afternoon of the 26th; according to República, cited by Esquerda.net, the release began at half past midnight on the 27th.
    • How many prisoners were released: 82 — 78 and, finally, the four from the prison hospital — according to República as cited by Esquerda.net, or 85, according to the 50 Years Commemorative Commission.
    • The day Helena Neves left Caxias: 25 April, according to the page with her testimony at the Aljube Museum, or with the other prisoners, on the 26th or in the early hours of the 27th, as suggested by the photograph in A Capital of 27 April, published by Esquerda.net, which records her release and that of Elvira Nereu.
    • Whether the fort can be visited — it is now a working prison — and where the 2019 plaque is, inside or outside the grounds.
  • Dr Afonso Costa Republican School Centre — evening classes for women (Calçada de Arroios)
    • The door number of the centre on Calçada de Arroios, and whether the building still exists.
    • Who led the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies: Maria Veleda, according to Toponímia de Lisboa; Ana de Castro Osório, according to the text cited by the Almanaque Republicano and the Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses.
    • Whether the evening courses Maria Veleda set up at the centre (Wikipedia) are the same as those the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies gave there in 1907 (Toponímia de Lisboa).
  • Espírito Santo family home — seat of the Centre for African Studies
    • The year the Centre set up here: 1951 (testimony of António Tomás Medeiros; Memória Comum speaks of “the early 1950s”) or 1954 (the Wikipedia article on the House of the Students of the Empire).
    • Whether the building now at no. 37 is the same as in 1951.
    • The full name of “Aunt Andreza”, whom the sources only call by that name.
  • Café Chave d'Ouro
    • Exact location of the former café on the Rossio and its street number: the coordinates are those of the square. There is a Caixa Geral de Depósitos branch on the adjoining Praça D. João da Câmara (OSM node 2493312081), but it has not been confirmed that it is the Chave d'Ouro building.
    • The name of the journalist who asked the question (Lindorfe Pinto Basto, of France Presse) has only been read in Wikipedia.
    • The current use of the building: a bank branch, first of the Banco Nacional Ultramarino and now of the Caixa Geral de Depósitos, according to the blog Restos de Colecção.
  • Cidade Universitária de Lisboa (University Stadium and faculties)
    • The day of the general assembly in the University Stadium at which Isabel do Carmo spoke: the photograph published by the Commemorative Commission for the 50 Years of 25 April, from her own collection, gives only the year, 1962.
    • When Helena Neves was assaulted by a PIDE agent at a demonstration: the Aljube Museum does not give the date.
  • Clube Estefânia — São Jorge de Arroios polling station (1911)
    • Whether today’s no. 62 Rua de Dona Estefânia is the 1911 building (the numbering and the building may have changed), and what is there now.
    • The text of the plaque at the entrance to the club’s current premises.
    • Whom she voted for: a blog (Em Defesa do Benfica, 2014) says that she voted for Afonso Costa, Bernardino Machado and Magalhães Lima, candidates of the Republican Party; this still needs to be confirmed in the 1911 press.
    • The phrase “If the law does not open the door to us, neither does it put us out in the street” (Se a lei não nos abre a porta, também não nos põe na rua), which Mensagem de Lisboa attributes to Carolina, comes without a contemporary source.
  • Last headquarters of the CNMP, closed by the police in 1947
    • Who ordered the headquarters closed: “police forces” (CIG), the Judicial Police (Virgínia Baptista) or Salazar’s Government (Teresa Joaquim). The closure order has not been found.
    • The number of the headquarters: the sources give only the street, which FCSH+Lisboa writes as “Travessa das Fábricas das Sedas”; the point on the map marks the middle of the lane.
  • National Council of Portuguese Women
    • The day of its founding: Wikipedia gives 30 May 1914; the other sources consulted say only 1914.
    • The floor: first (NOVA FCSH; Wikipedia) or second (Toponímia de Lisboa, for the surgery; the 1924 brochure of the First Feminist and Education Congress, for the Council’s correspondence). According to NOVA FCSH, between 1920 and 1946 the Portuguese Abolitionist League and the Leagues of Kindness were on the second floor of the same building.
    • What occupies no. 13 Praça dos Restauradores today, and whether the building is the same (the stop is on the square).
    • Maria Brazão’s relationship to Adelaide Cabete: niece, according to Toponímia de Lisboa; sister, according to NOVA FCSH and Wikipedia.
    • The papers by Ilda Pinto de Lima, Regina do Carmo, Julieta Ribeiro de Carvalho and Maria Isabel Correia Manso have only been read in Wikipedia; the 1924 brochure attributes “Bibliotecas infantis” (Children’s libraries) and “Escolas ao ar livre” (Open-air schools), which Wikipedia gives to the first two, to the Women’s Institute of Education and Work.
  • Coliseu dos Recreios
    • The date: 29 March 1974 (Wikipedia, which cites Madeira, 2015; dated photographs at the Casa Comum) or 28 March (chronology of the 25 April Association).
    • The number of banned songs (thirty), the crowd in the street and the presence of MFA captains in the audience have only been read in Wikipedia.
  • Carolina Beatriz Ângelo’s surgery (Rua Nova do Almada, 84)
    • Whether today’s no. 84 is the same building as the no. 84 of 1909.
    • How long the surgery operated here: the only reference is the 1909 advertisement.
    • Which court heard Carolina’s appeal to be registered as a voter: a blog (Em Defesa do Benfica, 2014) says it was the Boa-Hora Court, a few steps from here, in the 1st Civil Court of Lisbon.
  • Cordoaria Nacional (Hospital Colonial e Escola de Medicina Tropical)
    • Em que parte do edifício funcionou o Hospital Colonial: as fontes dizem só que ocupou «uma parte da Cordoaria».
    • Onde trabalhavam as investigadoras do Instituto antes e depois da mudança de 1958: o estudo de João Lourenço Monteiro não distingue os edifícios.
  • Headquarters of the Seamstresses and Stitchers’ trade association (Rua do Benformoso)
    • The street number of the union headquarters on Rua do Benformoso.
    • The day of the strike (in the summer of 1915, after 8 August) and the address of the factory, on the Santana hill.
    • Everything told here comes from a single article, by Luís Carvalho, in the newspaper A Voz do Operário (2019), which summarises the 1915 issues of the same paper.
    • The article says that twelve women workers resigned in solidarity, but the list of names it publishes has eleven.
  • Palácio da Cova da Moura
    • Whether the National Salvation Junta had its headquarters here: the sources say only that Colonel Dias de Lima came here to consult it and that Spínola received people here.
    • The current use of the palace.
  • Headquarters of the “Diário da Manhã” (Rua da Misericórdia, 95)
    • What exactly happened in this building on 26 April 1974: the 25 April Association records that the headquarters of “Época” was wrecked by members of the public, without describing it, and the Lisbon Triennale says that the newspaper had its headquarters here until after 25 April.
  • Doca de Alcântara (the attack on the freighter “Cunene”)
    • Where the “Cunene” was when the charges were placed and when they exploded: the communiqué says it was left immobilised in the Alcântara dock; Wikipedia describes the charges being placed in the river, near the “Vera Cruz”.
    • The details of the operation (the time they set out, the names, the departure from Poço do Bispo) have only been read in Wikipedia.
  • Emissora Nacional (Rua do Quelhas)
    • The time of the occupation: 03:15 (the “Lugares de Abril” page; Jofre Alves’s chronology) or 03:50 (the chronology “Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril” (Movements on 25 April), by the same 25 April Association).
    • How many soldiers occupied the station: about a hundred, according to the “Lugares de Abril” page, or 47, according to the chronology of the same 25 April Association.
    • What is at no. 2 Rua do Quelhas today: the coordinates mark the street, not the building.
  • Emissores Associados de Lisboa (the studio on Avenida Elias Garcia)
    • What the 7th floor is used for today, and where on the building the “Lugares de Abril” plaque is.
    • Which of the Emissores Associados de Lisboa stations broadcast from this studio.
    • The spelling of the announcer’s surname: “Dinis” on the pages of the 25 April Association and the Commemorative Commission, “Diniz” in other sources.
  • FNAT Stadium (renamed Estádio 1.º de Maio)
    • The number of people at the Lisbon demonstration: around 500,000, according to the 25 April Documentation Centre (CD25A), which does not say where the estimate comes from.
    • Who runs the stadium today (the INATEL Foundation, successor to the FNAT?).
  • Edifício Franjinhas — the restaurant of the carnations
    • The street number (OpenStreetMap and a City Council publication give Rua Braamcamp, 9) and the restaurant’s exact unit in the building.
    • The Sir’s opening date (25 April 1973) and the detail of the glass of port come from the press, not from an institutional source.
    • The building’s authorship and the 1971 Valmor Prize have only been read in Wikipedia.
    • Whether there is any marker commemorating Celeste Caeiro on the building.
  • Gare Marítima de Alcântara
    • Em que anos, além dos filmados pela RTP (1961, 1962 e 1964), embarcaram tropas no cais de Alcântara: o principal ponto de partida foi o cais da Rocha do Conde de Óbidos.
  • Lisbon Civil Government and the PSP’s 1st Station
    • The building’s street number on Rua Capelo and what is there today.
    • In which years the Civil Government was here: Toponímia de Lisboa says only that Rua Capelo was its address “for many years”.
    • Whether in December 1972, when the fourteen detainees from the Capela do Rato vigil were taken there, the Civil Government was still in this building: the sources on the vigil say only “Governo Civil” (Civil Government).
  • São José Hospital
    • Where Carolina Beatriz Ângelo operated with Sabino Coelho: Toponímia de Lisboa links his guidance to the operations at São José; FCSH+Lisboa says she was an intern at the Hospital D. Estefânia, “alongside the doctor Sabino Coelho, where she assisted him and performed operations”.
    • The year in which Carolina Beatriz Ângelo first operated at São José.
    • When Sofia Quintino headed the lupus section: only Wikipedia says so, without a date.
  • Church of São Domingos
    • When the vigil began: the night of 31 December 1968 (Commemorative Commission) or 1 January 1969 (António de Araújo). RTP Ensina speaks of Catholics who “occupied a chapel for the first time” on 1 January 1969 — this may be a different action.
    • Who set the “Cantata da Paz” to music: Francisco Fernandes, according to the Commemorative Commission for the 50 Years of 25 April; Rui Paz, based on an African American spiritual, according to Francisco Fanhais and Eloísa Aragão’s thesis (Francisco Fernandes set another poem by Sophia, “Porque” (Because), which Fanhais recorded in 1970).
  • ISCEF, in the Quelhas
    • The name of the alleged informer: “Fernando Lopes Manuel” (Aljube Museum biography) or “Vítor Manuel Lopes” (Aljube Museum text from 2020).
    • Where Ribeiro Santos was hit: “in the back” (Memória Comum; Commemorative Commission) or “with two shots to the chest” (Toponímia de Lisboa).
    • The date of death: 12 October 1972 in almost all sources; a Memória Comum list gives 13 October 1972.
    • The exact location of the lecture theatre on the present-day campus, and whether there is a commemorative plaque at ISEG.
  • Instituto Superior Técnico
    • The day of the plenary meeting that suspended the academic mourning of 1962: 15 June (Commemorative Commission) or 14 June (Wikipedia).
    • When, and for how long, the IST was closed in 1972.
  • Jardim Botânico Tropical (antigo Jardim Colonial)
    • Os nomes das pessoas expostas em 1940, que Cláudia Castelo diz estarem no Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino: nenhuma das fontes consultadas os publica.
    • Quantas das 138 pessoas expostas eram mulheres e quantas eram crianças: as fontes consultadas não o dizem.
  • Headquarters of the newspaper República (Rua da Misericórdia)
    • What the building at no. 116 is today, and whether there is any plaque on it.
    • Since when República was on Rua da Misericórdia — and so whether the contributions of Maria Veleda (1950) and Helena Neves were already made in this building.
  • Lanceiros 2 Barracks / Military Police Regiment (Calçada da Ajuda)
    • Whether in 1975 the Military Police Regiment occupied the same barracks as Lanceiros 2 (the sources use both names), and the exact spot on Calçada da Ajuda.
    • The names of the three dead of 25 November 1975.
    • The spelling of the major’s name: “Campos Andrada” (25 April Association, Jofre Alves) or “Campos Andrade” (Commemorative Commission).
    • The time at which the regime’s command post began operating here: the 25 April Association already places it at Lanceiros 2 at 06:45; Jofre Alves gives the ministers’ arrival as 09:40.
  • Largo do Caldas / Rua da Madalena
    • The exact spot where Estêvão Giro fell (Rua da Madalena or Largo do Caldas).
    • Age: the Aljube Museum says he was 25, but gives 1937 as his year of birth (which would make him 24 or 25, depending on the date).
    • Date and circumstances of the renaming to Largo Adelino Amaro da Costa (read only in OpenStreetMap).
    • The official name of the square today: Largo Adelino Amaro da Costa, according to OpenStreetMap.
  • Largo do Carmo and the Carmo Barracks
    • Time of Caetano’s arrival at the Carmo: 05:30 (Jofre Alves) or 06:00 (25 April Association).
    • Spínola’s arrival: 17:45 (Commemorative Commission, CD25A) or 18:00 (25 April Association); the handover of power is placed “at around 18:30” on the Lugares de Abril page.
    • Departure of the “Bula”: 19:30 (CD25A) or 19:35 (25 April Association).
    • The detail about Maria de Lurdes Rocha appears only in Jofre Alves’s chronology.
    • Current opening hours of the GNR Museum and whether there are commemorative plaques in the square (not confirmed).
    • Postcode and street number of the barracks.
    • Memorials of 25 April in the square (plaques, pavement) not checked in this research, which focused on repression.
    • The relationship between the barracks and the former Convento do Carmo: Wikidata returns the item “Convento do Carmo” (Q1470414) for “Quartel do Carmo”; I did not look into it further.
  • Largo do Rato (formerly Praça do Brasil)
    • The executions beside the fountain in Largo do Rato, on 9 February 1927, have only been read in Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum speaks of rebels being shot, without saying where.
    • The number of dead in Lisbon in February 1927: Wikipedia gives “more than 70” in its summary and “at least 90” in the body of the article.
    • Which units rose up in 1931: the Aljube Museum and Wikipedia speak of Light Infantry Regiment No. 7 (Caçadores 7), but the study by the General Secretariat of the Ministry of Finance places Light Infantry Battalion 7, in the Castelo de São Jorge, on the Government side, and gives Machine Guns 1 and Light Artillery 3 as the units taken.
    • How many people were taken from the Capela do Rato to the police station: 91 (António de Araújo, from police records) or around 60 (Wikipedia).
  • Portuguese Legion Command
    • The time: surrender at around 13:30 (“Movimentações do dia 25 de Abril”, 25 April Association) or occupation “at around 14:00” (the “Lugares de Abril” page, from the same association).
    • The exact building of the command in Largo da Penha de França, and what is there today; the point on the map is approximate.
    • Since when the Legion’s general command was in Penha de França.
  • Liceu de Camões
    • Whether the police violence that João Paulo Guerra places “after Humberto Delgado’s rally at the Liceu Camões” was on 18 May 1958, or whether there was more than one campaign meeting at the school.
  • Liceu Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho (successor to the Liceu Maria Pia, the first girls’ secondary school)
    • The school’s addresses before 1933 (there are unconfirmed references to Largo do Contador-Mor, in Alfama, and to the Palácio Valadares, in Largo do Carmo).
    • The succession of names: Domitila de Carvalho’s Wikipedia biography says that the Liceu Maria Pia became the Liceu de Almeida Garrett in 1917 and only later the Maria Amália Vaz de Carvalho; Maria Guardiola’s treats the Almeida Garrett and the Maria Amália as different schools.
    • The day of its founding (23 February 1906, according to Wikipedia) and the dates of Domitila de Carvalho’s time as headmistress have only been read in Wikipedia.
    • The relationship between the 1885 decree (FCSH+Lisboa) and the 1906 royal decree that established the school.
  • Headquarters of the Republican League of Portuguese Women (Rua dos Castelinhos, 6)
    • How long the League had its headquarters at no. 6, and where the other “headquarters” were that the Feminist Routes place between Jardim Constantino and Martim Moniz.
    • The day of the League’s legal constitution, in February 1909.
    • The year the Feminist Propaganda Association was founded: 12 May 1911 (Assembly of the Republic) or 1912 (Toponímia de Lisboa). The Assembly of the Republic’s date has been kept.
    • What is at no. 6 today, and whether there is any marker of the League on the building.
    • The point on the map marks the street, not no. 6, which is not identified in OpenStreetMap.
  • “Mitra” – the Mitra Asylum and the 3rd Post of the PSP’s 14th Station
    • Exactly where the “Mitra” police post was, and whether it operated within the asylum grounds: the point on the map is that of the palace.
    • Whether the “Albergue da Mitra” (Mitra Shelter) of the Aljube Museum and the “Asilo da Mitra” (Mitra Asylum) of Toponímia de Lisboa are the same institution.
    • In a 1922 list of Lisbon police stations published by Memória Comum, the 14th Station is in Beato, with posts in Chelas and Olivais, and there is no post at the Mitra.
    • The palace’s street number on Rua do Açúcar: 64 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 56 (OpenStreetMap).
  • O Século — the newsroom of “Modas e Bordados”
    • The year Maria Lamas started at “Modas e Bordados”: 1928 (Virgínia Baptista; Wikipedia), 1929 (MDM, for her joining O Século) or 1930 (CIG).
    • Whether the newsrooms of “Modas e Bordados” and “O Século Ilustrado” were in this building (the sources place the newspaper here).
    • How long the 1930 exhibition lasted (one or two months) and which rooms were used.
    • The street number: Wikipedia gives 41–59 for the newspaper building; today’s official address is no. 63.
  • The “A Padaria do Povo” cooperative (the People’s Bakery)
    • The date of the MDM’s founding assembly and who attended it: the MDM itself gives 1968 and the Padaria do Povo; other sources link its origin to the women’s electoral committees of 1969; the sources on the cooperative do not mention the MDM.
    • The MDM’s page names Manuela Porto (who died in 1950) and Maria Isabel Aboim Inglez (who died in 1963) among the women of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace who “went on to found the MDM”, which is not possible for a founding in 1968.
    • The Carbonari setting out in the early hours of 4 October 1910 appears only in José Zaluar’s account to Mensagem de Lisboa.
  • Padrão dos Descobrimentos
    • Se os caixotes de 1975 fotografados «junto ao Padrão» estavam no terreiro do monumento ou na doca de Belém: as fontes consultadas não o precisam.
  • Palácio Burnay (Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Política Ultramarina)
    • Em que ano o instituto deixou o palácio: as fontes consultadas não o dizem.
    • Se as obras de reabilitação anunciadas em 2024 já começaram.
  • Palácio Foz – National Propaganda Secretariat / National Information Secretariat (SPN/SNI)
    • The exact location of the Café Palladium in 1964 (Memória Comum says “next to the Glória lift”).
    • The JJ booklet also shows the Palácio Ludovice (Rua de São Pedro de Alcântara, 45) as a building where “the SPN operated”; I have not confirmed in which years.
    • Visiting hours: not checked.
    • The National Sports Museum in the Palácio Foz: according to OpenStreetMap.
  • Palácio da Independência – headquarters of the Portuguese Youth (Mocidade Portuguesa)
    • The palace’s 20th-century history comes from Wikipedia, which cites the Diário da República and the inventory of architectural heritage (SIPA); it still needs to be confirmed in those sources.
    • Since when the Portuguese Youth had its headquarters here: the decree of 30 May 1939 provided for it, but a decree of 5 June of the same year ordered the palace to be handed over to the State “for no other purpose”.
    • Whether the Women’s Portuguese Youth also had premises in the palace.
  • Paço de São Cristóvão / Palácio Vagos — Mutual Aid Association of Commercial Employees of Lisbon
    • Whether the great hall where the congress took place was the one in this palace: the sources name only the association, owner of the building since 1913.
    • The opening day: 4 May (FCSH+Lisboa, Wikipedia) or 5 May (2024 NOVA FCSH seminar). The publicity brochure announced the congress for March.
    • The presence of President Manuel Teixeira Gomes at the opening session (Wikipedia only).
  • Church of Santa Engrácia – National Pantheon
    • Where Humberto Delgado was buried in Lisbon between 1975 and 1990.
    • The whereabouts of Arajaryr Campos’s remains.
    • The scene of the crime: near Badajoz, with the bodies found at Villanueva del Fresno (Aljube Museum), or near Olivença (National Pantheon).
  • Parque Eduardo VII
    • The exact spot in the park, both of the 1975 demonstration and of the handing-over of the instructions in 1974; the coordinate is the centre of the park.
    • The number of men who broke up the demonstration (some two thousand is the estimate in the report).
  • Peniche Fortress — the political prison
    • Who the six prisoners’ wives detained in December 1963, at the protest by the walls, were.
  • Lisbon Penitentiary
    • The date the Penitentiary opened, at the end of the 19th century.
    • The day of Militão Ribeiro’s death: 2 January 1950 (Aljube Museum, Memória Comum) or 3 January (Wikidata). 2 January has been used.
    • Whether the prison did in fact close in 2026, as the news report cited by Wikipedia predicted.
  • MFA Command Post – Engineering Regiment No. 1 (Pontinha Barracks)
    • Sanches Osório’s rank: major (25 April Association) or lieutenant commander (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
    • The time Caetano arrived: the 25 April Association records Spínola here, with the arrested members of the government, at 20:30; Jofre Alves’s chronology places the Chaimite “Bula” here at 21:00; the Commemorative Commission says that, once the siege was lifted at 19:30, the column took an hour and a half to cover about 11 km.
    • The instrument that classified the building: Odivelas City Council calls it “Decreto-Lei n.º 21/2015, de 23 de outubro” (Decree-Law no. 21/2015 of 23 October); in the official gazette, the “Diário da República”, its title is Decreto n.º 21/2015 (Decree no. 21/2015).
    • The municipality: the address is in Pontinha (Odivelas), but OpenStreetMap puts the point on the boundary with Carnide (Lisbon).
    • Whether the “Places of April” (“Lugares de Abril”) plaque of Lisbon City Council and the 25 April Association has yet been put up at the barracks: in March 2024 it was waiting for the works to finish.
  • Praça do Império
    • O ano em que o jardim recebeu os brasões florais: a RTP diz «anos 60»; a historiadora Márcia Chuva liga as mudanças no desenho da praça a 1961.
    • O dia da manifestação junto aos Jerónimos: a peça da RTP está datada só de janeiro de 1975.
  • Rádio Clube Português (the Rua Sampaio e Pina studios)
    • The time of the occupation: 03:12 (Jofre Alves’s chronology), 03:20 or 03:32 (25 April Association, on its two pages) or 03:30 (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
    • The time of the first communiqué: 04:26 (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission, Jofre Alves) or 04:20 (Aljube Museum).
    • Who commanded the group of officers that occupied the station: Major Costa Neves (25 April Association) or Captain Mendonça de Carvalho (Jofre Alves).
    • What occupies no. 24 Rua Sampaio e Pina today, and exactly where the “Places of April” plaque is.
  • Rádio Renascença (the Rua Capelo studios)
    • To confirm whether the present building (The Ivens hotel, according to OpenStreetMap) is the one that housed the studios in 1974, and whether there is a commemorative plaque.
    • The 25 April Association spells the record “Cantigas de Maio”; the published title is “Cantigas do Maio” (1971) — to be confirmed.
    • Were the studios occupied in 1975 (“Lisbon studios”, according to the Commemorative Commission) the ones on Rua Capelo? Not confirmed.
    • The current use of the building: a hotel (The Ivens), according to OpenStreetMap; not confirmed on site.
  • Barracks of Light Artillery Regiment No. 1 (RAL 1, later RALIS)
    • The point on the map is approximate (Bairro da Encarnação): the former barracks has still to be located, and what stands there today established.
    • The number of wounded on 11 March 1975: 14 (Commemorative Commission) or 15 (RTP).
    • The time of the ceasefire: 13:00 according to Ricardo Noronha (“Ler História”); RTP puts the agreement between the commanders at around 14:30.
    • Who the civilian was who, according to RTP Ensina, died the day after the attack.
  • Editorial offices of the newspaper “A Capital” (Rua do Norte, 3)
    • The point on the map is approximate: no. 3 Rua do Norte has not been identified, and the point is on Praça de Luís de Camões, by the corner.
    • Until when the editorial offices of “A Capital” were in this building.
    • The number of the house where Virgínia Quaresma lived on Rua do Norte, and in which years.
  • Rectorate of the University of Lisbon
    • The day on which Marcelo Caetano spoke to the students from the balcony of the Rectorate.
    • Whether any woman student spoke at the plenary meetings in front of the Rectorate: the sources consulted only record Isabel do Carmo’s speech in the University Stadium.
  • Palacete de São Bento – Salazar’s official residence
    • Whether Salazar died in the mansion: the Government gives him as living here until July 1970, and the Torre do Tombo National Archive says only that he died in Lisbon, on 27 July.
    • According to Wikipedia, from December 1934 the mansion was a girls’ school run by the Handmaids of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, which had to leave when the State expropriated it; the congregation’s page speaks of a school opened in 1934 at the request of the Patriarch of Lisbon and set up in 1938 on Rua de São Félix, without naming the mansion.
  • Rossio (Praça de D. Pedro IV)
    • The day of the GNR charges after Humberto Delgado’s arrival at Santa Apolónia: 16 May 1958 (the day on which, in 2008, the plaque at the station was unveiled) or 15 May (“the day after” the Porto rally, according to the Aljube Museum).
    • The day of the Revolutionary Brigades’ pig action: the Aljube Museum says only that it was “days after” the re-election of Américo Tomás on 25 July 1972.
    • Whether Celeste Caeiro also gave out carnations on the Rossio, or whether the 25 April Association means other people who repeated her gesture: Celeste said she gave the carnation to the soldier who asked her for a cigarette on Rua do Carmo, on the way to Largo do Carmo.
  • RTP studios in Lumiar
    • The time of the occupation: 03:59 (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April) or 03:00 (Jofre Alves’s chronology).
    • The blocking of the Monsanto transmitter and the statement read by Fialho Gouveia at 18:40 appear only in Jofre Alves’s chronology.
    • What stands today at no. 44 Alameda das Linhas de Torres: the coordinates mark the stretch of the avenue, not the building.
  • Rua Angelina Vidal
    • Whether the street signs carry the 1924 caption, “Illustrious Lecturer and Propagandist of Social Emancipation” (Ilustre Conferencista e Propagandista da Emancipação Social).
  • Rua do Arsenal and Avenida da Ribeira das Naus
    • Fernando Sottomayor’s rank: officer cadet (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April) or conscript second lieutenant (Jofre Alves’s chronology).
    • The times: the 25 April Association places the confrontations between 06:30 or 07:00 and 10:30, and the assault on Lieutenant Assunção at 10:45, as does Jofre Alves; the Commemorative Commission puts the confrontation on Rua do Arsenal at 10:30.
    • Whether the brigadier fired two shots into the air before falling back to Rua do Arsenal: only Jofre Alves’s chronology says so.
  • Rua do Carmo — Celeste Caeiro’s carnations
    • The exact spot of Celeste Caeiro’s gesture: “the start of Rua do Carmo” (“Diário de Notícias”), the corner with Rua Garrett (“A Mensagem de Lisboa”), “in front of the Tabacaria Caravela” (“Diário de Notícias”) or the Rossio (English Wikipedia). The coordinate is that of the street.
    • Whether Celeste was going home (she lived in the Chiado) or to the Rossio by metro: the published accounts differ.
    • The time of the encounter: the sources say only that it was in the morning or near midday.
    • Whether there is any plaque or marker to Celeste Caeiro in the street.
  • Rua da Creche (where José Dias Coelho was murdered)
    • The point on the map marks the street, not no. 30, which is not identified on OpenStreetMap.
    • The time of the crime: “early in the evening” (A Voz do Operário) or “in broad daylight” (Lisbon’s street-naming office, Toponímia de Lisboa).
    • How many agents: three, named by Memória Comum, or five, getting out of a car, according to A Voz do Operário.
    • Where, and on what, Dias Coelho’s words are inscribed at the scene of the crime, and since when.
  • Streets of the republican feminists in the Quinta dos Condes de Carnide
    • The current wording of the signs on Rua Adelaide Cabete and Rua Ana de Castro Osório (whether Adelaide Cabete’s repeats the “1877” error).
  • Streets of the women pioneers in Bairro de Caselas
    • The captions on the signs of the other streets (only that of Rua Aurora de Castro is documented).
    • How many women’s names the 1988 edict gave: Lisbon’s street-naming office (Toponímia de Lisboa) says that, besides Carolina Ângelo, five of the remaining eleven names are women’s, but the list it publishes has six (Leonor Pimentel, Alice Pestana, Virgínia Quaresma, Aurora de Castro, Olga Morais Sarmento and Sara Afonso).
  • Santa Apolónia Station
    • The day of Delgado’s arrival: 16 May 1958 (“Jornal de Notícias”, 2008; the plaque) or 15 May (“the day after” the Porto rally, according to the Aljube Museum).
    • The day of Soares’s arrival: 28 April 1974 (most of the Casa Comum photographs) or 27 April (another photograph; a blog).
    • The exact wording of the 2008 plaque.
  • Lisbon Cathedral (Sé Patriarcal)
    • What position Father João Perestrelo de Vasconcelos held: Irene Pimentel calls him the “parish priest” of the Sé, but the biographical note published with the same text says he was chaplain of the Alfeite Arsenal, and the PIDE arrested him in the sacristy of the church in Cova da Piedade.
    • Whether the meeting of 11 March was in the cloisters or in another part of the cathedral: Irene Pimentel speaks of the cloisters and, immediately afterwards, of the order to leave “that church”.
    • The visiting hours: the cathedral’s “Horários” (Opening hours) page and the footer of the same website give different times for the summer months.
  • Headquarters of the Censorship Services / “Prior Examination” (1969-1974)
    • Approximate coordinates (stretch of the street); no. 125 is not geocoded in OpenStreetMap.
    • FCSH+Lisboa places the censorship directorate-general on Rua de São Pedro de Alcântara (without dates); this matches the 1961-1969 headquarters given by Cardoso Gomes.
    • The sequence of 25-26 April: a text in “JJ” says that the censors fled Rua da Misericórdia an hour or two after “República” came out, on the 25th; Cardoso Gomes speaks of the people storming the building on the morning of the 26th. The two versions may be compatible.
    • Current use of the building and whether there is a plaque: not checked.
    • Date of the seizure of “Minha Senhora de Mim” (the Aljube Museum mentions its seizure by the PIDE, without a date).
    • The current use of the building.
  • Palácio Camarido – FNAT headquarters
    • The palace’s street number: the INATEL Foundation today gives its headquarters as Calçada de Sant'Ana, 180, and says it is the same building in which the FNAT set up in 1946; the point on the map is that of no. 164, on the same street.
  • PVDE / PIDE / DGS headquarters
    • The time of the shooting on 25 April: “at around 20:15” (25 April Association), “close to 20:30” (Aljube Museum), 21:00 (chronology of the Portuguese Commission of Military History); the 1980 plaque says “in the afternoon”. The surrender on 26 April: at around 09:00 or 09:30.
    • Coordinates: no. 22 is not geocoded in OpenStreetMap; I used the point for the stretch of street returned by Nominatim.
    • The current commercial name of the apartment complex: Esquerda.net (2009) mentions the “Paço do Duque website”; I have not confirmed whether the name is still in use in 2026.
    • The chronology of the Portuguese Commission of Military History (CPHM) also records that a DGS man captured in the street was shot dead while trying to escape; I found no confirmation in any other source.
    • Raul Alves: the 50 Years Commission dates his death to 1 August 1957; Memória Comum gives 31 July 1958, in the context of the strike at the Companhia Industrial Portuguesa after the elections of 8 June 1958. I chose 1958 because the context fits.
    • António Lopes Almeida (1949): the 50 Years Commission places his death in a room on the third floor of the headquarters; Memória Comum says he died in Aljube Prison, on 21 January 1949.
    • The exact wording of the 2010 municipal plaque, and confirmation that the plaque with the QR code announced for 3 April 2024 was put up.
    • Spelling on the plaques: “Gesteira” and “José Guilherme R. Arruda” (1980 plaque) vs “Giesteira” and “João Guilherme Rego Arruda” (Aljube Museum).
    • The date on which the PIDE was renamed the DGS (1969) has not been confirmed in any source consulted.
    • The interrogation floor: “third floor” (50 Years Commission; Memória Comum) vs “fourth floor” in Maria José Morgado’s account to “Jornal de Notícias” (2005) — perhaps a difference in how the floors are counted.
    • Earlier shooting: Jofre Alves (CD25A, the 25 April Documentation Centre) mentions bursts of fire at 13:30 with five wounded, and one death at 16:15 — not confirmed in other sources.
    • Street number: 22 (25 April Association, Time Out) or 20 (Observador).
    • The exact wording and current location of the 1980 and 2010 plaques.
    • To check on site whether the memorial stone is still in the same place.
    • The names of Conceição Matos’s interrogators: only in Wikipedia.
    • The five “Mulheres do Couço” (Women of Couço), arrested in April 1962, are said to have been interrogated and tortured at this headquarters — only Wikipedia says so, among the sources consulted.
  • National Society of Fine Arts
    • The year of the exhibition: January 1947 (Virgínia Baptista, Teresa Joaquim, the catalogue cited by Wikipedia) or 1946 (a page of the Aljube Museum).
    • The link between the General Exhibitions of Visual Arts and the Movement of Democratic Unity (MUD) has only been read in Wikipedia.
    • The rooms used, and the date of Manuela Porto’s talk.
    • Whether there is any marker of the exhibition in the building.
  • Portuguese Society of Writers (headquarters)
    • The point on the map is approximate: it is on Rua da Escola Politécnica, not at the door of no. 20.
    • What the “Jornal do Fundão” reported: RTP says it was the only newspaper to carry the news and was suspended for six months as a result; but the memorial of the Portuguese Writers’ Association (APE) cites the account of the raid in the “Diário de Notícias” of 22 May 1965.
    • Who carried out the raid: “gangs of unknown persons, backed by PIDE men” (APE memorial, 1983) or “a group of PIDE agents and legionnaires” (RTP).
  • Tarrafal Concentration Camp (Cape Verde)
    • How many prisoners came in the first batch: 157 (Commemorative Commission) or 152 (Aljube Museum).
    • When the camp reopened: on 14 April 1961, according to the Aljube Museum; the Commemorative Commission only gives the arrival of the first prisoners, on 25 February 1962.
    • How many prisoners died at Tarrafal in the first phase: the Commemorative Commission speaks of 32 deaths up to 1949.
    • The temperature inside the “frigideira”: 50 degrees (Commemorative Commission); close to 45, in Edmundo Pedro’s testimony (Memória Comum).
  • D. Maria II National Theatre
    • When and why Maria Barroso was removed from the theatre: in 1948, on the orders of the police and the Ministry of Education, according to the Mário Soares and Maria Barroso Foundation and the National Culture Centre (which follows Leonor Xavier’s biography); the Assembly of the Republic says she was accused of reciting subversive poetry; the English Wikipedia places her removal around 1946, after a performance of “The House of Bernarda Alba” in Coimbra.
    • The day of the 1964 fire, which the theatre’s history page does not give.
  • Terreiro do Paço (Praça do Comércio)
    • The time of the occupation: 05:50 (Jofre Alves, CD25A), 06:00 (25 April Association, “Movimentações”, and the Commemorative Commission) or 06:10 (the message to the Command Post, in the “Places of April”).
    • Who stopped the frigate from firing: the 25 April Association attributes it to the executive officer, Lieutenant Fernando Caldeira dos Santos; Jofre Alves calls him Fernando Ferreira dos Santos; the Commemorative Commission speaks of the crew, which was “with the Movement”.
    • Where in the square the “Places of April” plaque is.
  • A Voz do Operário (The Worker’s Voice)
    • The two Casa Comum photographs give different dates (28 January and 10 February 1949) for the “Lisbon rally (Voz do Operário)”: it remains to be established whether there were two rallies or whether one of the dates is the cataloguing date.
    • Whether the rally of 10 February 1949 took place after the decision to withdraw from the election.

People

  • Adelaide Cabete
    • The date of the First Feminist and Education Congress: 4 to 9 May 1924 (FCSH+Lisboa, Wikipedia on the Council); Toponímia de Lisboa says 1925 and Wikipedia on Adelaide Cabete says 1921.
    • Who she shared the Restauradores practice with, and on which floor: with her niece, the dentist Maria Brazão, on the 2nd floor (Toponímia de Lisboa), or with her sister, Maria Brazão, and her nephew Arnaldo Brazão, on the 1st floor (FCSH+Lisboa).
    • The year the Republican League of Portuguese Women was founded: 1909 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1908 (Wikipedia).
    • Whether she edited the magazine “Alma Feminina”: Toponímia de Lisboa and Wikipedia say she founded it and edited it between 1920 and 1929; the National Library gives Maria Clara Correia Alves as its editor from 1917.
  • Agostinho Neto
    • The dates of the arrests in Lisbon (1950, 1951 and 1955), of the release (July 1957) and of the time in the Aljube in 1962 come only from Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum says only that he was arrested several times and released in 1962.
  • Aida Magro
    • The day of her arrest: 27 May 1957, according to Wikipedia; the CIG gives only the year.
    • When she left prison: six years after her arrest, because of the security measures, according to Wikipedia; the CIG does not give the date.
    • The year of the Caxias Manifesto, 1961, appears only in Wikipedia.
  • Albina Fernandes
    • Where she died and where the funeral, which became a protest demonstration, was held: the sources say only Lisbon.
  • Alda do Espírito Santo
    • Whether she was a founder of the Centre for African Studies, as Wikipedia says: António Tomás Medeiros recounts that the Centre was run by Mário Pinto de Andrade, Amílcar Cabral, Francisco José Tenreiro and António Domingues, and that it was set up in the house where she lived through Mário de Andrade.
    • Her age at death: 82, according to Memória Comum; the dates in Wikipedia (30 April 1926 and 9 March 2010) give 83.
  • Alfredo Assunção
    • The dates of birth and death of Alfredo Correia Assunção.
  • Alice Pestana
    • The year the Altruist Society gave way to the Portuguese Peace League: 1889 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1899 (Wikipedia).
    • Whether she co-founded the Altruist Society (Toponímia de Lisboa) or joined it after José Pessanha had set it up (Wikipedia).
    • Whether the Portuguese Peace League was the first Portuguese feminist organisation, as Wikipedia says; Toponímia de Lisboa does not say so.
    • The places in Lisbon connected with her life and work: the sources give no addresses.
  • Álvaro Cunhal
    • The time and flight of his arrival in Lisbon: there are accounts of an Air France flight at 13:50, which the sources cited here do not confirm.
    • The day and place of birth (Coimbra, 10 November 1913) and of death (Lisbon, 13 June 2005) come only from Wikidata.
  • Amílcar Cabral
    • The year the PAIGC was founded: 1959, according to the Aljube Museum and the text of the Wikipedia article; the infobox of the same Wikipedia article gives 1956.
    • The year of his return to Bissau, 1952, comes only from Wikipedia.
  • Ana de Castro Osório
    • The place of death: Lisbon, at her home, in the parish of Sé (Wikipedia, which cites the death register), or Setúbal (Toponímia de Lisboa).
    • The year the Feminist Propaganda Association was founded: 1911, according to the Assembly of the Republic (12 May) and Wikipedia, or 1912, according to Toponímia de Lisboa.
    • The Women’s Committee “Pela Pátria”: from 1914 (Wikipedia) or from 1916 (Toponímia de Lisboa). And the Crusade of Portuguese Women: it grew out of the committee (Toponímia de Lisboa) or was founded by Elzira Dantas Machado, who reorganised the committee (Wikipedia).
    • The title of the 1905 manifesto: “As Mulheres Portuguesas” (Portuguese Women; Toponímia de Lisboa) or “Às Mulheres Portuguesas” (To Portuguese Women; Wikipedia).
    • Who founded “A Sociedade Futura”: Ana de Castro Osório (Toponímia de Lisboa) or Olga de Moraes Sarmento and her husband, Manuel João da Silveira (Wikipedia).
  • Angélica Viana Porto
    • Whether she led the 1907 Nursery School committee, as Wikipedia says, or was only a member of it, as the blog Silêncios e Memórias says.
    • The years of her vice-presidency of the National Council of Portuguese Women: 1928, according to the blog Silêncios e Memórias, based on a photograph of the board; 1929, 1931–1934 and 1936, according to Wikipedia, which adds the honorary presidency in 1937.
  • Angelina Vidal
    • Her full name: “Angelina Casimira do Carmo da Silva Vidal” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “Angelina Casimira da Silva Vidal” (Wikipedia).
    • Her husband’s surname: “Campo Vidal” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “Campos Vidal” (Wikipedia, which gives the same surname to their children).
  • António de Oliveira Salazar
    • Until when he was Minister of Finance: until 1932, according to the Torre do Tombo National Archive, or until 28 August 1940, according to the title of a book by the National Propaganda Secretariat listed in the same bibliography (“A obra de Salazar na pasta das Finanças: 27 de Abril de 1928 a 28 de Agosto de 1940” — Salazar’s Work at the Ministry of Finance: 27 April 1928 to 28 August 1940).
    • The day and place of birth come only from Wikidata.
  • António de Spínola
    • The time he arrived at the Carmo Barracks on 25 April: at around 17:45 (50th Anniversary Commemorative Commission) or at 18:00 (25 April Association).
    • The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.
    • The full name, António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola, which none of the sources on this page gives.
  • António Tereso
    • His dates of birth and death: the URAP published a note, “Na morte de António Tereso” (On the death of António Tereso), which could not be read.
  • Arajaryr Campos
    • The exact place of the ambush: near Badajoz, according to the Aljube Museum; near Olivença, according to the National Pantheon (see Humberto Delgado).
    • Where her remains are today: the sources give only the transfer of Humberto Delgado’s remains, to Lisbon in 1975 and to the National Pantheon in 1990.
  • Aurora de Castro e Gouveia
    • Whether she was the first Portuguese woman notary, as Toponímia de Lisboa and Wikipedia say, or whether Regina Quintanilha was, as 24 Notícias says (see Regina Quintanilha).
    • The full dates of birth and death: Toponímia de Lisboa gives only the years, 1891 and 1931.
    • The address of the notary’s office in Alcântara and the date she was appointed notary.
    • Which of the two 1924 papers called for the vote: the source says only “one of them”.
  • Aurora Rodrigues
    • Whether she went on to become a magistrate, as the Wikidata description says: none of the text sources mentions it.
    • The year of publication of “Gente Comum – Uma História da PIDE”.
  • Carlos Albino
    • Carlos Albino’s dates of birth and death and his full name.
  • Carolina Beatriz Ângelo
    • The year of birth: 1878 (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses, Isabel Lousada, FCSH, Wikipedia) or 1877 (Toponímia de Lisboa).
    • The day of death: 3 October 1911 (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses, FCSH, Wikipedia), 2 October (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 13 October (Assembly of the Republic). Wikipedia says she died “at around 2 in the morning”, which may explain the date of the 2nd.
    • The year she joined the Humanidade Lodge: 1906 (FCSH, drawing on Isabel Lousada) or 1907 (Toponímia de Lisboa).
    • Her post in the Republican League of Portuguese Women: vice-president (Toponímia de Lisboa) or substitute board member (Dicionário de Médicos Portugueses).
    • In which court the appeal over her registration was heard; none of the sources says where.
    • Where she is buried: in a tomb in the Prazeres Cemetery, according to Wikipedia; no other source confirms it.
  • Cecília Supico Pinto
    • The days and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata and Wikipedia: 30 May 1921, in Lisbon (parish of Mártires), and 25 May 2011 — in Cascais, according to Wikipedia.
    • That “Retrato de Mónica” was inspired by her is stated only by Wikipedia, with no source cited.
    • The headquarters of the National Women’s Movement in Lisbon: Rua Presidente Arriaga, 6, according to Wikipedia, with no other source.
  • Celeste Caeiro
    • The day of birth: 2 May 1933 (Diário de Notícias, Wikipedia, Wikidata) or 3 May (Observador).
    • The exact spot where she handed over the carnation (see Rua do Carmo).
    • Her job at the restaurant: “waitress and seamstress” (A Mensagem de Lisboa); other accounts say only that she worked at the restaurant.
    • The posthumous decoration by the President of the Republic (8 March 2025), mentioned in a headline in Público that could not be read.
  • Cesina Bermudes
    • The day of death: 5 December 2001 (Wikipedia) or 9 December (Wikidata).
    • The year she graduated: 1932 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1933 (CIG; Wikipedia wavers between the two).
    • Her pioneering doctorate: the CIG says she was the first Portuguese woman with a doctorate in obstetrics; Wikipedia, that she was the second woman to earn a doctorate at the Lisbon Faculty of Medicine, after Domitila de Carvalho.
  • Clarisse Guerra
    • Who Clarisse Guerra was: her dates of birth and death, her career and whether she was an announcer at Rádio Clube Português.
    • What exactly the communiqué said: the siege of the Carmo Barracks (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission) or the ultimatum for Marcelo Caetano’s surrender (Jofre Alves’s chronology).
  • Conceição Matos
    • When they left for Paris: in February 1974 (Aljube Museum, in Domingos Abrantes’s biography; Wikipedia) or as early as 1973, after his release (a possible reading of Memória Comum and of her biography at the Aljube Museum).
    • When her second imprisonment ended: Memória Comum speaks of two months and a few days in isolation in Caxias; Wikipedia says she was only released in mid-1969.
    • The day and month of birth: the sources give only the year, 1936.
  • Deolinda Lopes Vieira
    • The day of death: 6 June 1993, according to Wikipedia; 8 June, according to João Esteves (Silêncios e Memórias).
    • The exact address of Workshop School No. 1, in Largo da Graça.
    • Whether the great hall where the 1924 congress met was that of the Palácio Vagos, which has belonged to the association since 1913.
    • Whether the Humanidade Lodge she helped to found in 1923, within Le Droit Humain, is the same one into which Maria Clara Correia Alves had earlier been initiated, within the Grande Oriente Lusitano: the Wikipedia biographies of the two women do not say.
  • Domingos Abrantes
    • When he left for Paris: in February 1974, according to Domingos Abrantes’s biography at the Aljube Museum, or as early as 1973, according to Conceição Matos’s on the same page.
  • Domitila de Carvalho
    • The years she was headmistress of the Liceu D. Maria Pia: from its foundation, in 1906, to November 1912, according to Wikipedia; the other sources give no dates.
    • The years of the two legislatures: 1935–1942 (Faces de Eva) or 1934–1938 and 1938–1941 (Wikipedia). Faces de Eva is followed here.
    • The political portrait — monarchist, conservative, go-between for Salazar and the former Queen Amélia — and the position on the crucifix in schools, in 1936, come only from Wikipedia.
  • Elina Guimarães
    • Her full name: “Elina Júlia Pereira Guimarães da Palma Carlos” (Toponímia de Lisboa, Wikipedia) or “Elina Júlia Chaves Pereira Guimarães” (CIG).
    • The year of the article against Júlio Dantas in “Vida Académica”: 1922 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1925 (Wikipedia).
    • When she joined the National Council of Portuguese Women: at 20, around 1924 (Toponímia de Lisboa), or in 1925 (Silêncios e Memórias; the CIG gives 1925 as the year she joined the feminist movement).
  • Emídio Santana
    • Emídio Santana’s role in the attack: Wikipedia names him as one of the perpetrators; the Aljube Museum speaks of an attack “usually attributed” to anarchists like him, in liaison with other elements of the Popular Front; Memória Comum speaks of a mixed group — Lisbon taxi drivers, anarchist leaders, “most notably Emídio Santana”, and some PCP activists acting individually.
    • Whether he actually served the sentence of banishment, and where: the 1939 sentence gave, as an alternative, 25 years of banishment in a “first-class possession”, and the sources say only that he passed through the penitentiaries of Lisbon and Coimbra and was released in 1953.
    • Much of the biography comes from Wikipedia, which draws on Emídio Santana’s own memoirs and on his papers in the Arquivo Histórico-Social; his time in prison is confirmed by Memória Comum.
  • Estêvão Giro
    • The day of birth: the Aljube Museum gives only the year, 1937.
    • The exact spot where he fell: on Rua da Madalena or in Largo do Caldas.
  • Eurico de Figueiredo
    • The year he broke with the PCP: Wikipedia says 1967 and links it to the invasion of Czechoslovakia, which was in August 1968.
    • The day and place of birth, 24 March 1939, in Vila Real, come only from Wikidata; the other sources do not give them.
  • Fernanda Botelho
    • The day of birth (1 December 1926) and of death (11 December 2007) come only from Wikipedia and Wikidata.
    • At which session of the “Novas Cartas Portuguesas” trial she gave evidence: Wikipedia names her among the defence witnesses, without a date.
  • Fernando Giesteira
    • His age and home town: 18 and from Salto, Montalegre, according to the Aljube Museum and 7Margens, which matches the date of birth; 17 and from Vila Pouca de Aguiar, according to Esquerda.net (Memória Comum also says 17).
    • His father’s name: Amândio Gomes Giesteira, according to the Aljube Museum; Armando Gomes Giesteira, according to 7Margens.
  • Fernando Reis
    • The place of death: “by all indications” the Estrela Military Hospital, according to the Aljube Museum.
    • His place of birth and age: Arranhó, Arruda dos Vinhos, and 23, according to the Aljube Museum; Lisbon and 24, according to the newspaper “O Século” of 28 April 1974, cited by Esquerda.net.
  • Fernando Sottomayor
    • His rank: officer cadet (aspirante), according to the 25 April Association and the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April; conscript second lieutenant (alferes miliciano), according to the chronology by Jofre Alves, which gives his full name.
    • His dates of birth and death, and what happened to him after 25 April.
  • Costa Gomes
    • The day and place of birth (Chaves, 30 June 1914) and of death (Lisbon, 31 July 2001) come only from Wikidata.
  • Helena Cabeçadas
    • Which secondary school she attended: the Aljube Museum’s record mentions the Liceu D. Filipa de Lencastre and the Liceu Rainha D. Leonor, without saying which.
  • Helena Neves
    • The day of her release: 25 April (Aljube Museum) or the early hours of the 27th, when the prisoners left Caxias (the press of the time, cited by Esquerda.net).
    • In which years she was a deputy in the Assembly of the Republic.
  • Helena Pato
    • The year the Democratic Women’s Movement was founded: 1969 (Helena Pato’s biography at the Aljube Museum) or 1968 (Isabel do Carmo’s biography at the same museum).
  • Helena Roseta
    • Whether she was one of the founders of the Botequim: so say FCSH+Lisboa and the Aljube Museum; the chronology in “O Essencial sobre Natália Correia” (Imprensa Nacional, 2024) gives the bar as the property of a partnership between Natália Correia and Isabel Meyrelles, and does not name her.
  • Humberto Delgado
    • The place of death: Badajoz (Aljube Museum, 50th Anniversary Commemorative Commission) or near Olivença (National Pantheon; Wikipedia is more precise: Los Almerines, near São Rafael de Olivença). The bodies were not found until April 1965, at Villanueva del Fresno.
    • The day he arrived at Santa Apolónia: 16 May 1958, the date chosen for the plaque unveiled at the station in 2008, or 15 May, “the day after” Porto, according to the Aljube Museum.
    • When his dissent began: from the 1940s (Aljube Museum) or in the 1950s (50th Anniversary Commemorative Commission).
  • Isabel do Carmo
    • Her grade in the Order of Liberty: Commander (CIG) or Grand Officer (Wikipedia); the Aljube Museum says only “decorated”.
    • How long she was imprisoned after 1978: released in 1982, according to the Aljube Museum; “about four years (1978-1984)”, according to the CIG.
    • The year the MDM was founded: 1968 (Aljube Museum, in this biography) or 1969 (Helena Pato’s biography).
    • The exact dates and places of the 1970 and 1972 arrests.
  • João Paulo Diniz
    • The spelling of his surname: Diniz (Aljube Museum, Wikidata) or Dinis (25 April Association, Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
    • Whether he knew that the song he was announcing was a signal: the sources do not say.
    • The year of birth (1949) comes only from Wikidata.
  • Joaquim Furtado
    • The date and place of birth are only in Wikidata.
    • That it was also he who read the second communiqué, at 04:45: the chronology by Jofre Alves says so; the 25 April Association records the communiqué without saying who read it.
  • José António Ribeiro Santos
    • Where he died: in the observation room of the Santa Maria Hospital (Memória Comum, the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April and the Aljube Museum’s page on the murder) or already dead on arrival at the hospital (the biography at the same museum).
  • José Barneto
    • His age: 38, according to the Aljube Museum and Time Out, which matches the date of birth; 37, according to “O Século” of 28 April 1974, cited by Esquerda.net.
  • José Dias Coelho
    • The time of the crime: “in broad daylight” (Toponímia de Lisboa) or “early in the evening” (Voz do Operário).
  • Pinheiro de Azevedo
    • The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.
  • Junqueira dos Reis
    • His full name, his dates of birth and death, and what happened to him after 25 April.
  • Leite de Vasconcelos
    • Whether the announcer is the journalist and writer Teodomiro Leite de Vasconcelos (Arcos de Valdevez, 1944 – Maputo, 1997), as Wikipedia says; that is why no dates of birth and death are given here.
    • The same Wikipedia article has him as the live announcer that night; the 25 April Association says he was off duty, that his voice had been recorded the day before and that the announcer on duty was Paulo Coelho.
  • Luís Filipe Lindley Cintra
    • The place of death: Sesimbra, according to the text of Wikipedia, or Lisbon, according to the infobox on the same page and Wikidata. Wikidata also gives Espariz as the place of birth, as against Lisbon in Wikipedia.
  • José Luandino Vieira
    • The day the SPE decided on the prize: 21 May 1965, according to the Wikipedia article on Luandino; the article on the SPE cites reports in the “Diário de Lisboa” and “República” of 19 May on the awarding of the prizes.
  • Luísa Tito de Morais
    • The place and day of birth: the Aljube Museum gives only the year, 1942.
  • Madalena Barbosa
    • The exact dates of birth (13 March 1942) and of death (21 February 2008) come only from the English Wikipedia; the CIG gives only the years.
    • The date the MLM was founded: May 1974 (CIG), 7 May 1974 (Comunidade Cultura e Arte) or April 1974 (English Wikipedia).
    • The year she joined the Commission on the Status of Women: 1980, according to the English Wikipedia; the CIG says only “in the 1980s”.
  • Manuel Serra
    • The escape from the Aljube and the details of the torture appear only in Wikipedia, which cites “Público” of 2010.
  • Manuela Porto
    • The day of the talk on Virginia Woolf: the exhibition was open from 4 to 12 January 1947, and the sources do not say on which day she spoke.
    • At which headquarters she worked as vice-president of the CNMP: on Praça dos Restauradores or already on Travessa da Fábrica das Sedas, in Amoreiras, where the Council moved in 1946.
  • Marcelo Caetano
    • The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.
  • Margarida Tengarrinha
    • When she went underground: at the end of 1954 (testimony at the Aljube Museum) or in 1955 (Wikipedia and José Dias Coelho’s biography at the same museum).
    • The address of the clandestine house in Lisbon where she lived with José Dias Coelho and where the document-forging office operated.
  • Maria Alda Nogueira
    • The date of her release: December 1968, on parole (Wikipedia), or December 1969, after “ten years” in Caxias (Memória Comum).
    • The day of the trial (22 October 1960) and the place of her arrest (in a taxi, on Avenida da Liberdade) appear only in Wikipedia.
    • Whether she was the “first woman in Portugal sentenced to prison for political reasons”, as the CIG says: Memória Comum says, more precisely, that she was the first woman sentenced to eight years of major imprisonment plus security measures.
    • The end of her term as a deputy: 1986, according to Wikipedia and Memória Comum, which elsewhere says “from 1975 to 1985”.
    • The memorial plaque unveiled in 2024 on Rua José Dias Coelho, in Alcântara, mentioned only in Wikipedia.
  • Maria Antónia Fiadeiro
    • The place of birth (Lisbon) and the day of death (31 March 2023) appear only in Wikipedia; the CIG gives only the years, 1942–2023.
    • The year she became the magazine’s managing editor: 1975, according to Wikipedia; the CIG does not say.
    • The year of “Aborto – O Crime Está na Lei”: 1984, according to the CIG and the list of works in Wikipedia; the introduction of the same Wikipedia article says 1978.
    • Whether the newsroom of “Mulher – Modas e Bordados” was in the “O Século” building in 1974–1975.
    • Whether she was arrested in 1962: the CIG and Wikipedia say that the PIDE arrested her during the academic crisis, for supporting the hunger strike in the canteen; Memória Comum, which records political prisoners, gives 26 November 1972 as the date of her first arrest.
    • That she was arrested at Lisbon airport: Wikipedia says only “at the airport”, and the CIG says she was arrested in 1972, on her return from Brazil.
  • Maria Antónia Palla
    • The charges: “illegal practice of medicine”, in the complaint by the Alfredo da Costa Maternity Hospital (CIG, Wikipedia); “offending public decency and incitement to crime”, in her own account to Comunidade Cultura e Arte.
    • Which Lisbon court she was tried in, in 1979.
    • Whether the newsroom of “O Século Ilustrado” was in the newspaper’s building, on Rua de O Século.
  • Maria Barroso
    • The place of birth: Olhão, according to Wikidata; Lisbon, according to the Assembly of the Republic’s exhibition. The days of birth (2 May 1925) and death (7 July 2015), and the place of death, come only from Wikidata; the CIG gives only the years, 1925–2015.
    • Where in France, and on which day, the train on which they returned set out.
    • When she was expelled from the National Theatre and banned from teaching: the Assembly of the Republic’s exhibition gives no dates.
  • Maria Cândida Parreira
    • The days of birth (16 January 1877) and death (28 July 1942) come only from Wikipedia; Faces de Eva gives only the years.
    • Where and when she published the explanation of Salazar’s choice: Irene Flunser Pimentel quotes it without giving the source.
  • Maria Clara Correia Alves
    • The dates and places of birth, marriage and death come only from Wikipedia, which cites the parish and civil registers.
    • Until when she edited “Alma Feminina”: until 1920, according to Wikipedia; the National Library’s record, which covers the magazine from 1917 to 1946, lists her as editor, without dates.
  • Maria da Conceição Moita
    • The day of her arrest, 6 December 1973, and the escape to Paris she was preparing come from Wikipedia, which cites the book “Os Últimos Presos do Estado Novo” (The Last Prisoners of the Estado Novo), by Joana Pereira Bastos; she herself, in 2014, said only “in December ’73”.
    • Whether she was an active member of the Revolutionary Brigades, as Carlos Antunes (quoted by António de Araújo) and Eloísa Aragão’s thesis say, or only a supporter, as she said in 2014: “the only thing I did before 25 April was to support some actions of the Revolutionary Brigades”.
    • Who decided that she would be the one to read the declaration in the Capela do Rato: Carlos Antunes says it was he, “for reasons of discipline”; the Catholics’ accounts speak of a group decision, and António de Araújo records Antunes’s version with reservations.
    • Her full name: “Maria da Conceição Victor Moita”, according to the 1973 DGS case file quoted by António de Araújo.
  • Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo
    • The date she took over as chair of the Commission for Social Policy on Women (November 1973, according to Wikipedia).
    • Whether she was the first woman minister in Portugal, as is often said: neither the Pintasilgo Archive nor Wikipedia states it.
    • The exact date she was sworn in as Secretary of State (May 1974).
    • A place in Lisbon with a documented address linked to her work in the 1970s (the ministry, the Commission on the Status of Women).
  • Maria Guardiola
    • The legislatures in which she was a deputy: the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th, according to the journal Faces de Eva; Wikipedia says she was one from 1935 to 1945.
  • Isabel Aboim Inglez
    • The date of death: 7 March 1963 (Wikipedia, which cites the death register); Wikidata also has 7 March 1953, and a text from the Aljube Museum speaks of “58 years since her death”, which may date from 2021.
    • The spelling of the surname: “Inglez” (Aljube Museum) or “Inglês” (Wikipedia, Casa Comum).
    • The year of the episode at the Plenary Court and the Mónicas (1958, according to Wikipedia; the Aljube Museum does not date it).
    • Whether she was a leader of the National Council of Portuguese Women and of the Portuguese Women’s Association for Peace: the Aljube Museum calls her a “leader” of both (and of the MUD, between 1946 and 1948); the CIG and Wikipedia say she joined the Council as a member, in the 1930s, and later joined the Association.
  • Maria Isabel Barreno
    • The date of birth: 10 July 1939 (MDM, Wikipedia, Wikidata) or 7 October 1939 (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April).
    • The place of death: Observador mentions the cremation at the Olivais cemetery, without saying where she died.
    • Whether she was at the MLM demonstration in Parque Eduardo VII on 13 January 1975 (the sources consulted name her as a founder of the movement, not as a demonstrator that day).
  • Maria José Morgado
    • The day of birth, 27 June 1951, appears only in Wikidata; the CIG gives only the year, and none of the sources says where she was born.
    • How long she was held, and whether she was only released with 25 April.
    • The interrogation floor: “the fourth floor”, in her account to the Jornal de Notícias; the third floor, according to the other sources on the PIDE headquarters — perhaps a difference in the way the floors are counted.
  • Maria Lamas
    • The dates of her arrests: four (1949, 1950, 1951 and 1953) according to Virgínia Baptista; three, between 1949 and 1962, according to the Aljube Museum; 1949, 1953 and 1962 according to Wikipedia.
    • When she started at “Modas e Bordados”: 1928 (Virgínia Baptista; Wikipedia) or 1930 (CIG); the MDM gives April 1929 for her joining “O Século”.
    • The number of instalments of “As Mulheres do Meu País”: 15 (Virgínia Baptista) or 24 (Teresa Joaquim).
    • The dates of her exiles: Virgínia Baptista gives 1953, 1956–1957 and 1961–1969; the MDM gives Madeira from the end of 1957 to 1959 and Paris from June 1962 to 3 December 1969.
    • The date of death (6 December 1983) was read only in Wikidata.
    • That the airport where she was arrested in December 1953 is Lisbon’s: the MDM writes only “at the Airport”.
  • Maria Lourença Cabecinha
    • The date of death, 7 January 2022, is given only by Wikidata.
  • Maria Luísa van Zeller
    • The name under which she appears in the sources: “Maria Van Zeller” in the Assembly of the Republic’s pages on the 1946 and 1947 debates, “Luísa Vanzeller” in the Hemeroteca de Lisboa (Lisbon newspaper library) record on the Women’s Portuguese Youth; her parliamentary biography records her speech in the 1946 debate on electoral registration.
  • Maria Machado
    • Em que ações da ARA participou: o Museu do Aljube diz só que participou «na preparação de várias ações», sem as nomear.
  • Maria O'Neill
    • The day of death: 23 March 1932 (Wikipedia) or 21 March (Silêncios e Memórias).
    • The place of death: “near Cape Verde”, according to the body of the Wikipedia article, or “Brazilian coast”, according to the opening of the same article; Silêncios e Memórias says only “in the Atlantic Ocean”.
    • The address where she lived in Lisbon, which the sources do not give.
  • Maria Teresa Cárcomo Lobo
    • The day she was sworn in, in August 1970: the appointment was reported in “A Capital” on 20 August.
    • In which legislature she was a deputy in the National Assembly (Observador does not say, and Wikipedia confuses it with her appointment to the government).
  • Maria Teresa Horta
    • The date of the street attack: the Aljube Museum places it before May 1971; Observador speaks of violence “in the streets”, with no date or place.
    • The defence lawyer: Duarte Vidal, according to Wikipedia; the Diário de Lisboa of May 1974 calls “Dr Ataíde Ferreira” “Maria Teresa Horta’s lawyer” and gives Duarte Vidal as Maria Isabel Barreno’s lawyer.
  • Maria Veleda
    • The day of birth: 26 November 1871 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 26 February 1871 (Wikipedia, which gives Rua da Parreira, in Faro).
    • Whether she was a founding member of the Republican League of Portuguese Women (Toponímia de Lisboa) or joined in 1909 without being on the organising committee, because António José de Almeida thought her too revolutionary (Wikipedia).
    • Whether she chaired the Portuguese Group for Feminist Studies in 1907, as Toponímia de Lisboa says: Wikipedia calls her one of its founders, and other sources give the presidency to Ana de Castro Osório.
    • Until when she chaired the League: according to Wikipedia, she broke with it in 1915, when the League declared itself non-partisan.
    • The year of the pamphlet “Emancipação Feminina”: 1906 (Toponímia de Lisboa) or 1902 (Wikipedia).
  • Maria Velho da Costa
    • The date of death: 23 May 2020 (Observador, in a news report from that same day); the summary read on the Imprensa Nacional page gave 25 May.
    • Wikipedia says that her father, an infantry officer, joined the censors of the Lisbon censorship committee in 1958; no other source was found.
  • Mário Soares
    • The days of birth (7 December 1924) and death (7 January 2017) come only from Wikidata.
  • Militão Ribeiro
    • The day of death: 2 January 1950, according to the Aljube Museum and Memória Comum, which says he fell into a coma that morning; 3 January, according to Wikidata.
    • His age at death: the Aljube Museum says 54, but the dates it gives (13 August 1896 and 2 January 1950) make 53.
  • Natália Correia
    • The sentence over the “Antologia”: 90 days in prison commuted to a fine (Imprensa Nacional), 90 days suspended (Assembly of the Republic) or a three-year suspended sentence (Toponímia de Lisboa, FCSH).
    • The year of the conviction: 1970, at the end of the trial (Imprensa Nacional, Toponímia de Lisboa), or 1966 (Aljube Museum, RTP Ensina), which is the year of the book according to the Imprensa Nacional; the Assembly of the Republic dates the edition to November 1965.
    • Whether she was actually imprisoned in 1966, as Wikipedia says; no other source mentions it.
    • The day of the first debate on abortion: 2 March 1982 (Assembly of the Republic) or 3 March (Polígrafo, which read the minutes). The FCSH places the reply to João Morgado in the debate of 12 November 1982.
    • Where Estúdios Cor, the publishing house of which she was literary director, was located.
  • Noémia de Sousa
    • The full name: Carolina Noémia Abranches de Sousa Soares, according to Wikipedia.
    • The biography rests mainly on Wikipedia: an institutional source is still needed to confirm the Lisbon years (1951–1964) and the exile in Paris.
  • Norton de Matos
    • The day he withdrew: 12 February 1949, according to Wikipedia, or “three days before the election”, that is, 10 February, according to the Aljube Museum.
  • Olga Morais Sarmento
    • The founding of the Feminist Section of the Portuguese Peace League and the lecture of 18 May 1906 at the Lisbon Geographical Society are documented only in Wikipedia.
    • The date and place of death: December 1948, with no place, in the Wikipedia text; 17 October 1948, in Lisbon, in Wikidata. Hélène de Zuylen died in Lisbon on 17 October 1947.
  • Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho
    • The day and place of birth (Lourenço Marques, now Maputo, 31 August 1936) and of death (Lisbon, 25 July 2021) come only from Wikidata; the 25 April Documentation Centre gives only the year of birth.
    • Where he was elected to the leadership of the Coordinating Committee: at the Óbidos meeting, on 1 December 1973 (the 50 Years Commemorative Commission), or at the Costa da Caparica meeting, on 5 December (25 April Association).
    • When he took over COPCON and the Lisbon Military Region: the 25 April Documentation Centre gives 13 July 1975, but the 50 Years Commemorative Commission already presents him as deputy commander of COPCON in September 1974.
    • Whether he was in fact held at the Palácio de Belém on 28 September: the 50 Years Commemorative Commission says that he and Vasco Gonçalves were “apparently detained”.
  • Paulo de Carvalho
    • The day and place of birth (Lisbon, 15 May 1947) come only from Wikidata.
  • Raul Alves
    • The date of death: 31 July 1958, according to Memória Comum; 1 August 1957, according to the Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April.
  • Regina Quintanilha
    • Whether she was the first Portuguese woman notary, as 24 Notícias says, or the second, after Aurora de Castro e Gouveia, as Wikipedia and Toponímia de Lisboa say.
    • Whether she was the first woman to graduate in law in Portugal (24 Notícias) or one of the first, with Maria da Ascensão de Sousa Sampaio (Wikipedia).
    • The dates of her presidency of the General Assembly of the National Council of Portuguese Women (1917–1919) come only from Wikipedia.
  • Salgueiro Maia
    • The date and place of death: 3 April 1992, at the Military Hospital in Lisbon (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April); 3 April 1992, in Santarém (25 April Documentation Centre); 4 April 1992, in Santarém (Wikidata).
    • The year he joined the Cavalry Practical School: 1967, according to the Commemorative Commission, which gives the day (1 February); 1966, according to the 25 April Documentation Centre.
  • Silva Pais
    • Whether it was Silva Pais who gave the order to fire: Jofre Alves’s chronology attributes to him, together with senior inspector Coelho Dias, the orders to fire on the crowd at 13:30; the other sources do not say so.
    • The dates and places of birth and death come only from Wikidata.
  • Sofia Ferreira
    • The total time in prison: “more than 13 years”, according to the PCP’s 2010 note, or “more than twelve years”, according to the PCP’s speech on the centenary of her birth (2022).
    • The day of death: 22 April 2010, according to Wikidata; the PCP’s note, published that day, does not say.
  • Sofia Quintino
    • The address of the practice (Rua da Palma, 206, 1st floor left) and the dates of her hospital career (1918–1948) depend only on Wikipedia.
  • Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen
    • The name of the committee for aid to political prisoners: “Comissão Nacional de Apoio aos Presos Políticos” (Assembly of the Republic) or Comissão Nacional de Socorro aos Presos Políticos, CNSPP (Eloísa Aragão).
    • The book in which the poem “25 de Abril” was first published (probably “O Nome das Coisas”, 1977, which appears in the Assembly of the Republic’s bibliography).
    • Whether she was at the Capela do Rato vigil (the sources differ).
    • The place of death: the sources say she lived on Travessa das Mónicas until her death, without saying where she died.
  • Stella Piteira Santos
    • These come only from Wikipedia: her help in the escape of “Pavel” from the Aljube (May 1938), the date of her arrest (15 February 1962), her time in Caxias, the detail that she was the first woman announcer on Rádio Voz da Liberdade, and the day she returned to Portugal (2 May 1974). The CIG says only that she was arrested and tortured “in Lisbon” and that she was the voice of the radio station.
    • At which headquarters of the National Council of Portuguese Women she was active: the one in Restauradores or the one in Amoreiras, where the Council moved in 1946. Wikipedia places her joining after July 1946; the CIG gives no date.
  • Virgínia Moura
    • The days and places of birth and death: the CIG gives only the years, 1915 and 1998.
  • Virgínia Quaresma
    • When she began to head the Lisbon office of the Agência Americana de Notícias: Toponímia de Lisboa links it to the support for the Crusade of Portuguese Women during the Great War; Wikipedia says she only began working at the agency in 1922.
    • At which number on Rua do Norte she lived, and until when: Toponímia de Lisboa says only that she rented a home opposite the newspaper.
  • José Afonso (Zeca Afonso)
    • The date of the 1st Portuguese Song Meeting: 29 March 1974 (Carlos Gil’s photograph at the Casa Comum; Wikipedia) or 28 March (the 25 April Association’s chronology).
    • The time at which “Grândola” was played on Rádio Renascença: 00:20 (Commemorative Commission for the 50th Anniversary of 25 April) or 00:25 (RTP Ensina).
    • When he left Caxias: Wikipedia says he was held between April and May 1973; the 25 April Association records only the arrest, in April.

Timeline